Abakoresha inzugi zikomeye zigendanwa zifite amanota menshi ku rugi rwa 2x250kg hamwe na moteri za DC zitagira uburoso za 24V/120W zitanga ikoranabuhanga rituje, ryizewe kandi ridasaba kwitabwaho cyane nk'uko ububiko butwara abantu benshi bukenera umunsi ku wundi.

Impamvu ahantu ho gushyira ibikoresho mu bubiko ari cyo kizamini gikomeye cyane ku bakoresha inzugi

Urugi rw'ububiko rushyirwa mu bubiko mu kigo cy'ubucuruzi gikurura abantu benshi rufungura kandi rugafunga inshuro 200-400 ku munsi - ni ukuvuga amagare 70.000 kugeza 140.000 ku mwaka. Buri rugendo rushyira umutwaro wuzuye w'ibikoresho ku mukozi ushinzwe amarembo: kwihutisha igice cy'umuryango kuva kuri zeru kugeza kuri metero 0.3-0.5 ku isegonda, gukomeza umuvuduko uhoraho mu gihe cyo kugenda, kugenda buhoro buhoro kugeza uhagaze, no kuguma mu mwanya uhanganye n'umuvuduko w'umuyaga, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko w'umwuka uturuka kuri sisitemu za HVAC, hamwe n'utugunda tudatezuka duturuka ku muhanda wa forklift. Abakora inzugi z'ubucuruzi benshi bagenewe amagare 20-50 ku munsi mu maduka cyangwa mu biro. Shyira imwe muri izo ahantu ho gupakira ububiko, kandi izapfa mu mezi 6-12 - nabonye ibi bibaho inshuro nyinshi cyane kuruta uko nshobora kubara.

Nitwa Edison, kandi nk'Umuyobozi ushinzwe ubucuruzi muri Ningbo Yufan Beifan Automatic Door Co., nkorana n'abayobozi b'inganda, abashinzwe igenamigambi ry'ibigo by'itumanaho, n'abahuza gahunda z'inzugi mu bihugu birenga 30 kugira ngo mvuge abakora inzugi bashobora kubaho muri ibi bihe bigoye. Ikintu kimwe gitandukanya umukoresha uhagije w'inzugi z'inganda n'undi uzahura n'ikibazo cyo kubungabunga ni ikoranabuhanga rya moteri - cyane cyane niba moteri ikoresha uburoso bwa karuboni mu guhindura imiterere y'inzu cyangwa kugenzura ikoranabuhanga. Itandukaniro mu gihe cy'imirimo hagati y'ikoranabuhanga ryombi ripimirwa mu bwinshi, ntabwo ari ijanisha, kandi risobanura mu buryo butaziguye ikiguzi cyose cy'umutungo mu gihe cy'imyaka 15-20 y'inyubako y'inzugi.

Mu rwego rwo kubahiriza amategeko, abakora imirimo ikomeye mu nganda bagomba kubahirizaAmabwiriza y'umutekano ya ISO mu by'ikoranabuhangaku nzugi z'abanyamaguru n'iz'inganda zikoresha ingufu, ndetse noAmabwiriza agenga imikorere y'inganda za SAEbigena imipaka y'imbaraga, kumenya uburyo bwo gufunga, n'ibisabwa mu gihe cy'impanuka. Voltage ya 24V yoroshya cyane kubahiriza amabwiriza y'umutekano afite voltage nkeya - sisitemu ya 24V ishobora gushyirwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo busanzwe bwo gufunga insinga zifite voltage nkeya aho gushyiraho insinga n'umuyoboro w'icyuma bikenewe ku bakoresha inzugi zifite voltage nkeya.

Moteri zidafite uburoso cyangwa Brushed: Icyemezo cy'ikoranabuhanga kigena ubuzima bwa serivisi

Itandukaniro ry'ibanze riri hagati ya moteri za DC zikozwe muri brush na brushless ni aho amashanyarazi ahinduka - kandi gusobanukirwa iri tandukaniro ni ingenzi ku muntu wese ugena umukoresha w'inzugi kugira ngo akoreshwe mu nganda zikora ingendo nyinshi. Muri moteri ikozwe muri brush, brushes za karuboni zikanda kuri commutator y'umuringa izenguruka kugira ngo ihindure icyerekezo cy'amashanyarazi mu mizunguruko ya rotor uko moteri izunguruka. Uku gukorana kwa mashini bitera guhindagurika, amashanyarazi ahuza ibice by'uburoso n'ibice by'uburoso, kandi bigasaza buhoro buhoro - brushes zirasenyuka buri gihe, zigatanga umukungugu wa karuboni wanduza ibice by'imbere bya moteri. Moteri ikozwe muri brushes mu mukoresha w'umuryango ikora ingendo 80.000 ku mwaka, akenshi ikenera gusimbuzwa uburoso ku masaha 3.000-5.000, cyangwa hafi buri myaka 2-3 mu bubiko.

Moteri ya DC idafite uburoso ikuraho uburoso na commutator burundu ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho - microprocessor iri muri moteri igenzura ihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi binyuze muri stator windings mu buryo burambuye, bigatuma imbaraga za rukuruzi zizenguruka zikurura rotor ihoraho ya magnet. Nta gukoranaho na mechanical, nta gukururana, nta guhagarara, nta bice byangiritse, kandi nta mwanda wa karuboni wandujwe. Ibice byonyine byangiritse ni imipira ifunze ishyigikira shaft ya rotor, ifite amanota yo kumara amasaha 20.000-30.000 ku muvuduko n'imizigo bisanzwe bya serivisi y'umukoresha w'inzugi. Mu buryo bufatika, moteri idafite uburoso yashyizwe mu mukoresha w'inzugi muri iki gihe izakomeza gukora neza igihe igice cy'umuryango ubwacyo kigeze ku iherezo ry'igihe cyacyo cyo gukora kandi gikeneye gusimburwa.

Ibisobanuro bya 24V/120W bikwiye gusobanurwa, kuko wati 120 zisa n'aho ari ntoya mu kwimura urugi rwa kg 500. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uburyo bwo kugabanya ingufu za moteri bufite igipimo cya 15:1, buhindura umuvuduko wa 3.000 RPM wa moteri mu muvuduko wa 200 RPM ukenewe kugira ngo urugi rugende neza kandi rugenzurwe neza. Kugabanya ingufu za moteri byikuba inshuro zigera kuri 12-14 (bigaragaza ubushobozi bwa moteri bwa 85-90% mu gikoresho cy'imashini y'imashini), bigahindura 0.38 Nm ya moteri ya 120W moteri ya 4.5-5.0 Nm ku gice cy'imashini gisohora ingufu za moteri. Iyi torque isohoka, ikoreshwa mu gikoresho gifata amenyo ku gice cy'irembo, itanga imbaraga zikenewe kugira ngo yihutishe kg 500 z'uburemere bw'umuryango bukwirakwijwe kuri 0.3 m/s kare - kwihuta gutoroshye, kugenzurwa kugabanya kwangirika ku buryo bwose bw'umuryango.

Igishushanyo mbonera cya gearbox gitanga inyungu y'inyongera irenze ubwiyongere bwa torque: kigabanya urusaku rw'imikorere ho 10-15 dB ugereranije n'ibikoresho bya spur by'amashanyarazi bikozwe mu buryo butaziguye. Ku gice cyo gupakira ibikoresho mu bubiko aho urugi rukora inshuro 300 ku munsi mu gihe abakozi bohereza n'abakira ibicuruzwa babyumva, uku kugabanya urusaku guhindura urugi kuva ku guhungabana kumvikana kugeza ku ijwi ry'inyuma abakozi bareka kubibona nyuma y'icyumweru cya mbere cy'akazi. Igishushanyo mbonera cyashyizwemo - moteri, gearbox, na sensor ya Hall-effect position mu nzu imwe ifite amanota ya IP54 - kandi gikuraho uburyo bwo guhuza ibice bitandukanye bya moteri na gearbox butuma igice kinini cy'igihe cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho mu buryo busanzwe bw'umuryango.

Ingano y'uburemere bw'urugi: Impamvu 2x250kg ari ingenzi mu gushushanya imiterere y'urugi

Gusobanura ubushobozi bw'umukoresha nk'ibiro 2x250 aho kuba igipimo kimwe cya kilo 500 bigaragaza imiterere nyayo y'inzugi zigenda zinyura mu nganda. Inzugi nyinshi zo mu bubiko zikoresha imiterere y'ibice bibiri - ibipande bibiri bimanuka bitandukanyije n'imbere - aho buri gipande gipima ibiro 200-300 kandi kigendera ku migozi yacyo ya hanger rollers n'igice cyacyo cy'inzira. Ingano ya kilo 2x250 bivuze ko umukoresha yagenewe gutwara ibipande byombi icyarimwe binyuze muri sisitemu yo gutwara umukandara, aho buri gipande gishyira ibiro 250 by'umutwaro ku murongo wacyo. Iyi imiterere igabanyije igabanya imitwaro y'ingingo ku nyubako, yemerera gukoresha imiterere isanzwe y'inzira y'umuryango, kandi igatanga uburyo bwo gukora - iyo igice kimwe cyuzuye bitewe n'imyanda iri mu nzira, icyuma gifata kigabanya imikorere y'icyo gipande mu gihe ikindi gipande gishobora kwimurwa n'intoki kugira ngo gisohoke mu buryo bwihutirwa.

Urugi rw'inzugi rusanzwe rw'icyuma gishyushya rufite ubugari bwa metero 3 na metero 4 z'uburebure, rwubatswe n'udupande tw'isambu twa polyurethane dufite ubugari bwa mm 40 kandi rukomejwe n'icyuma gifunganye, rupima ibiro bigera kuri 180-220 bitewe n'igipimo cy'icyuma n'ubucucike bw'icyuma gishyushya. Udupande tubiri nk'utwo mu buryo bwo gufunga hamwe dufite ibiro 360-440, biri mu rugero rwa 2x250kg by'umukoresha hamwe n'umubare mwiza wa 10-28%. Iyi mibare ifasha umutwaro w'umuyaga (wongeraho 200-300 N ku gapande ka metero kare 12 mu muyaga wa kilometero 50 ku isaha), urubura ruto mu birere bikonje, hamwe no kwiyongera buhoro buhoro mu kurengera inzira y'umuryango uko amavuta yo ku rugi agenda agabanuka hagati y'igihe cyo kubungabunga.Katalogu y'abakoresha inzugi za YFBFikubiyemo imbonerahamwe zirambuye zo kubara imizigo kugira ngo yemeze ko imiterere yihariye y'urugi, harimo ubwoko bw'inzira n'imiterere y'ibidukikije, iri mu bushobozi bw'umukoresha.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho ibikoresho ku bakoresha inzugi zikomeye

Ikosa rimwe rikunze kugaragara cyane mu gushyiraho - kandi rishingiye ku itumanaho rya serivisi itsinda ryacu rishinzwe ubujyanama mu bya tekiniki rikora, rigira uruhare rungana na 35% by'ibibazo byose nyuma yo gushyiraho - ni ukugongana kutari ku murongo hagati y'aho umukoresha asohora ibicuruzwa n'aho ashyira ingufu mu gikoresho cyo gukinga. Umukandara w'igihe wohereza ingufu uva ku mukoresha ujya ku muryango ugomba gukomezwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza y'uwakoze, aho kuri operator wa YF150 ari 120-150 N y'umuvuduko uhoraho ku mukandara wa HTD wa mm 15 w'ubugari. Imikandara idakomejwe cyane irasiba amenyo mu gihe cyo kwihutisha, bigatuma urugi ruhungabanye, rugahagarara, cyangwa rugahagarara hagati mu rugendo - ikosa umugenzuzi w'urugi asobanura nk'imbogamizi, rigatera gusubira inyuma bitari ngombwa. Imikandara ikomejwe cyane ishyira imitwaro myinshi ya radial ku maberere y'umuvuduko wa moteri, yihutisha kwangirika kw'amaberere kandi ishobora kugabanya igihe cyo gukora ho 50% cyangwa irenga.

Gukomera neza bishobora kwemezwa hakoreshejwe ikizamini cyoroshye cyo guhindagurika kidasaba ibikoresho byihariye. Shyira imbaraga za N 20 (hafi uburemere bwa kilo 2) hagati y'umukandara muremure cyane udafite ubushobozi bwo kuwushyigikira. Umukandara ugomba guhindagurika hagati ya mm 8-10 kugira ngo ubone uburebure bwa mm 300. Niba guhindagurika kurenza mm 10, ongera imbaraga. Niba guhindagurika biri munsi ya mm 5, gabanya imbaraga. Iri genzura ry'amasegonda 30, rikorwa mu gihe cyo gushyiraho no kugenzura mu gihe cy'amezi 3 n'amezi 12, rikumira ibibazo byinshi bijyanye n'imikorere y'umukandara.

Gushyiramo amashanyarazi biroroshye kubera voltage ikoreshwa ya 24V. Umukoresha akeneye amashanyarazi ya 24V DC imwe ifite agaciro ka 150W (agatanga 25% hejuru y’umuvuduko ntarengwa wa moteri wa 120W), guhuza na sisitemu yo kugenzura umuryango binyuze mu kwinjira mu buryo bworoshye kugira ngo habeho amabwiriza yo gufungura/gufunga/guhagarika, no gushyira insinga ku cyuma gipima umutekano - utwuma duto cyangwa impande z’umutekano zigaragaza imbogamizi kandi bigatera uruziga rwo guhagarara no gusubira inyuma ako kanya. Kubera ko byose bikora kuri 24V, insinga zose zishobora gukora mu muyoboro usanzwe wa PVC cyangwa ndetse n’udusanduku tw’insinga twagaragaye, bikuraho ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho umuyoboro w’icyuma, udusanduku duto dukingira ikirere, hamwe n’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi byemewe bisabwa n’abakoresha inzugi zikoresha umurongo. Ku ishyirwaho ry’inzugi zikoresha inzugi 4, amafaranga agabanywa mu gukoresha 24V gusa asanzwe ari hagati ya 800 na 1,500 USD ugereranije n’andi mahitamo ya voltage ikoreshwa umurongo.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Namenya nte niba umukoresha w'urugi rwa 2x250kg afite ingano ihagije ijyanye n'imiterere y'urugi rwanjye?

Gerageza kubara uburemere bwose bw'urugi rwawe ukoresheje uburemere bw'urugi (ukurikije ibyagenwe n'umukora cyangwa ukurikije ingano y'urugi n'ubucucike bw'ibikoresho), uburemere bw'udupira two gukanika n'udupfunyika two gushyiramo (ubusanzwe ni 5-10 kg kuri buri rugi), hamwe n'uburyo bwo gupima ibidukikije. Ku nzugi zo hanze, ongeramo 10-15% ku muvuduko w'umuyaga - urugi rwa metero 3 x 4 mu muvuduko wa kilometero 50 / isaha rushobora kugira imbaraga z'inyongera 200-300 N z'umukoresha agomba gutsinda. Ku bijyanye n'ubukonje, ongeramo 5% ku buryo urubura rushobora kwiyongera. Niba umutwaro wabazwe kuri buri rugi uri hagati ya 80% n'ibipimo bya kilogarama 250 (200 kg), umukoresha afite ingano ihagije. Niba hejuru ya 90% (225 kg), tekereza ku rugi runini cyangwa ibikoresho byoroheje - urugi rwa aluminiyumu rufite ifuro rya polyurethane rupima hafi 40% munsi y'urugi rw'icyuma rungana.

Ni iki gituma moteri ya YF150 idafite uburoso itandukanye n'izindi moteri z'inzugi za 24V?

YF150 ihuza moteri ya DC idafite uburoso, igabanya ingufu z'amashanyarazi, na sensor ya Hall-effect rotor mu nzu imwe ifite urwego rwa IP54 - ikuraho uburyo bwo guhuza hagati y'ibice bitandukanye bya moteri na gearbox, ibyo bikaba bigira uruhare runini mu gushyiraho. Sensor ya Hall-effect itanga igisubizo cyiza ku igenzura rya moteri, bigatuma umuvuduko woroshye n'uburyo bwo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi bigabanya impanuka ku muryango no kuri sisitemu yo kunyuramo ku kigero cya 30-40% ugereranije n'uburyo moteri ikoresha sensor. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibikoresho bya helical gikora munsi ya 50 dB - gituje bihagije ku buryo abakozi bo mu bubiko bakorera muri metero 5 uvuye aho umukozi w'umuryango akorera bashobora kuganira bisanzwe badashyize ijwi hejuru. Pulley ya zinc alloy synchronous iri muri drive train ifata vibration kandi ikarwanya gusaza, irushaho kugira uruhare mu gutuma sisitemu ikomeza gukora neza igihe kirekire.

Ese umukozi ashobora guhuzwa na sisitemu zo gucunga inyubako n'umutekano?

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura bwakira uburyo bwo gufungura, gufunga no guhagarika - bujyanye na sitasiyo zo gukanda, gusimbuza imfunguzo, sensor z'ingendo, imiyoboro yo kubona imodoka, n'ibisohoka bivuye mu buyobozi bw'inyubako cyangwa sisitemu zo kugenzura kwinjira. Moduli y'itumanaho ya RS485 ishobora kongeramo inkunga ya protocole ya Modbus RTU yo guhuza inyubako hifashishijwe PLC, bigatuma habaho kugenzura kure imiterere y'inzugi (zifunguye, zifunze, zifite amakosa), kubara amagare kugira ngo habeho gahunda yo kubungabunga hashingiwe ku ikoreshwa nyaryo aho kuba igihe cya kalendari, no guhuza inzugi nyinshi - urugero, gukumira urugi rwo gushyiramo imizigo kudafungwa mu gihe icyuma cyo kugabanya umuvuduko kirimo gukora. Umukoresha kandi afite igihe cyo gufunga kidahinduka gifite uburyo bwo gutinda guhindurwa hagati y'amasegonda 1-60, kugabanya igihombo cy'ingufu zo gushyushya no gukonjesha binyuze mu nzugi zifunguye mu gihe gitanga umwanya uhagije wo kunyura mu modoka.

Ni iyihe gahunda yo kubungabunga ububiko igomba guteganya kuri aba bakozi?

Umukoresha urugi rwa DC rudafite uburoso nta ruhushya rukeneye gusanwa gake cyane ugereranije n'ubundi buryo bwo gukoresha moteri zishushanyije, ariko ahantu hane hagenwe ho kugenzura hatanga igihe ntarengwa cyo gukora. Buri mezi 3, genzura umukandara wo gutwara kugira ngo urebe niba warangiritse, wacitse, cyangwa urebe neza niba urimo gucika intege ukoresheje ikizamini cyo guhindukira (reba kuri mm 8-10 kuri 20 N). Buri mezi 6, sukura inzira y'urugi kandi ushyireho amavuta yumye ya silicone - ntuzigere ukoresha amavuta, akurura umukungugu wo mu kirere kandi agatuma uruziga n'inzira birushaho kwangirika. Buri mwaka, genzura ibyuma bihagarika inzugi - uruziga rumwe rwafashwe rwongera uburemere bw'urugi ku kigero cya 10-15%, bikongera umukoresha. Nanone buri mwaka, genzura neza ko ibikoresho byose by'umutekano bikora neza upima ahantu hatandukanye ku nzira y'urugi - ibi ni ibisabwa mu kubungabunga kandi, mu turere twinshi, ni itegeko ryanditse rijyanye n'umutekano ku nzugi z'inganda zikoresha ingufu.

Ese umukozi akwiriye gukoreshwa mu bubiko bwo hanze cyangwa mu gihe cy'ubukonje?

Yego, hamwe n'uburinzi bukwiye bw'ikirere. Akabati gafite agaciro ka IP54 karinda amazi gutera ivumbi no kwinjira mu mukungugu, kakagombye gushyirwa munsi y'igisenge cyangwa ahantu ho gukingira ikiraro. Ku bikoresho byo hanze bigaragara neza bishobora guterwa n'imvura cyangwa urubura rwinshi, ni byiza gushyiraho indi mashini ikingira ikirere (icyuma cyoroshye cyangwa polycarbonate). Voltage ya 24V ni ingirakamaro cyane hanze kuko ikuraho ibyago byo guhungabana kw'amashanyarazi biturutse ku nsinga zangiritse - ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwitaho mu mutekano aho imodoka zitwara abagenzi zinyura hafi y'umukozi. Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere buri hagati ya dogere selisiyusi -20 na +60 butwikira ahantu henshi ho mu bubiko, naho ku bikoresho bishyirwamo buri munsi ya dogere selisiyusi -20, amavuta y'ubukonje yo gukoresha mu gihe cy'ubukonje kuri bogisiyo (aho basuka amavuta munsi ya dogere selisiyusi -40) atuma habaho gutangira gukonje neza nta gutinda nk'uko amavuta asanzwe akoreshwa muri peteroli agaragaza ku bushyuhe buke.